Voter turnout has been high in Zimbabwe’s first general election since long-serving ruler Robert Mugabe was ousted, officials say.
Foreign observers have hailed the election as an opportunity for Zimbabwe to break with its repressive past.
The presidential election is expected to be a tight contest between the incumbent Emmerson Mnangagwa and his main rival Nelson Chamisa.
Parliamentary and local elections are also taking place on Monday.
Opinion polls give Mr Mnangagwa, who heads the ruling Zanu-PF party, a narrow lead over Mr Chamisa, the candidate of the opposition MDC Alliance. Both leaders are running for the presidency for the first time.
On Sunday, Mr Mugabe, who first came to power after independence in 1980, said he would not vote for his successor.
Mr Mugabe, regarded as one of the last “Big Men” of African politics, was forced out of office last November by Mr Mnangagwa with the help of the military.
Polls officially shut at 17:00 GMT but some remained open to allow people already in queues to vote.
Counting begins at polling stations overnight and official results are expected within five days. A run-off election will be held on 8 September should none of the 23 candidates win more than 50% of the votes.
An air of optimism
By Pumza Fihlani, BBC News
In Domboshawa village, about an hour’s car drive from the capital, Harare, many had been in the queue even before sunrise.
The first group of voters were mainly elderly people but there were some youngsters too. Surrounded by mountains and rolling hills, the villagers were in good spirits, chatting and laughing, as they waited to vote in a primary school that had been converted into a polling station.
Having covered the 2008 and 2013 election, I met families who shared horrid stories of assault and intimidation for pledging allegiance to any party other than Zanu-PF.
But there is an air of optimism about this election. “This election is different, there hasn’t been violence. It’s a good sign,” one voter told me.
The fact that people in Zimbabwe now freely talk about politics, regardless of who they support, speaks to a new order here. Many pray the peace will hold when the winner is announced.
How were candidates received at polling stations?
Crowds whistled and broke into chants of “Chamisa” when the 40-year-old MDC leader cast his ballot on the outskirts of Harare, amidst a media scrum.
Image copyrightAFP“We will win this election to the extent it’s free and fair… it’s a done deal,” he told the BBC.
In contrast, Mr Mnangagwa, thought to be 75, voted in a quiet polling station at a school in the central city of Kwekwe.
At one stage, he was seen taking his head out of the voting booth to check where he should put his cross on the ballot.
Image copyrightREUTERSHe tweeted that Zimbabweans should vote with “peace in our hearts”.
“We will sink or swim together,” he added.
Who make up most of the voters?
The country is expecting a high turnout of first-time voters. Younger voters are expected to be key – almost half of those registered are under the age of 35.
More than 5,6 million Zimbabweans are registered.
People had to re-register for this year’s poll as the electoral commission introduced a biometric system to eliminate any “ghost voters” – though the opposition still alleges there are irregularities in the voters’ roll.
Image copyrightREUTERSThe Zimbabwe Election Commission (Zec) says it will deliver a credible poll and that voter turnout has been high.
